abstract：:Up to now, the ability of target cells to activate protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase D (PKD) (which is often a downstream target of PKC) has not been examined in natural killer (NK) lymphocytes. Here we examined whether exposure of human NK cells to lysis sensitive tumor cells activated PKC and PKD. The result...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Rana K,Whalen M

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Miniscrew implants are widely used nowadays in orthodontic treatments due to their good results in clinical practice. However, data regarding the biocompatibility of commercially available orthodontic miniscrews and temporary devices are very scarce, and their role as genotoxicity inducers has been not previously eval...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Martín-Cameán A,Puerto M,Jos Á,Azqueta A,Iglesias-Linares A,Solano E,Cameán AM

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Over expression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) has a major role in many cancers. It has been suggested that some angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) could reduce the proliferation of cancer cells. The role of NF-κB pathway has been documented in cell proliferation. OBJECTI...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Bakhtiari E,Hosseini A,Boroushaki MT,Mousavi SH

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Silver and gold nanoparticles (Ag-AuNPs) are currently some of the most manufactured nanomaterials. Accordingly, the hazards associated with human exposure to Ag-AuNPs should be investigated to facilitate the risk assessment process. In particular, because pulmonary exposure to Ag-AuNPs occurs during handling of these...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Ávalos A,Haza AI,Mateo D,Morales P

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The potential toxicity resulting from the possible interactions of the herbicides, Ultrazin (atrazine, ATZ) and Bretmont Wipeout (glyphosate, GLY) (as commercialized in Nigeria), is not completely known. We therefore evaluated reproductive- and hepato-toxicity in rats co-exposed to ATZ and GLY. METHODS:Six ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Abarikwu SO,Akiri OF,Durojaiye MA,Adenike A

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The β-glucans (β-G) are polysaccharides produced by various organisms, and sulfation of β-G renders them more soluble. With the objective to assess the effects of sulfated and non-sulfated β-G extracted from Agaricus brasiliensis in MCF-7 cells, assays were used to evaluate cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, cell proliferati...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Baranoski A,Tempesta Oliveira M,Semprebon SC,Niwa AM,Ribeiro LR,Mantovani MS

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity and mutagenicity in peripheral blood and buccal mucosal cells in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I, II or VI patients. METHODS:A total of 12 patients with MPS type I, II and VI attended at the Institute of Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Guilheiro JM,Chaves MD,Martins AM,Ribeiro DA,D'Almeida V

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylthiophanate is one of the widely used fungicides to control important fungal diseases of crops. The aim of this study was to elucidate the short-term hematoxicity and genotoxicity effects of methylthiophanate administered by intraperitoneal way at three doses (300, 500 and 700 mg/kg of body weight) after 24, 48 ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Ben Amara I,Ben Saad H,Cherif B,Elwej A,Lassoued S,Kallel C,Zeghal N

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Cisplatin (CP) is an antineoplastic agent that induces nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. It is unknown whether renal tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and localization are modified in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. OBJECTIVE:To study if the expression of the TJ proteins occludin, claudin-2, claudin-5 a...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Trujillo J,Molina-Jijón E,Medina-Campos ON,Rodríguez-Muñoz R,Reyes JL,Loredo ML,Tapia E,Sánchez-Lozada LG,Barrera-Oviedo D,Pedraza-Chaverri J

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The US military has placed major emphasis on developing therapeutics against nerve agents (NA). Current efforts are hindered by the lack of effective in vitro cellular models to aid in the preliminary screening of potential candidate drugs/antidotes. The development of an in vitro cellular model to aid in discovering ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Kanjilal B,Keyser BM,Andres DK,Nealley E,Benton B,Melber AA,Andres JF,Letukas VA,Clark O,Ray R

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a highly toxic industrial solvent with pronounced systemic toxicity including brain. Neurotoxicity may be a direct result of hepatic dysfunction from CCl4 intoxication. Over the years CCl4 has been used as an excellent model for studying experimentally induced neurotoxicity in murine mod...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Naseem M,Parvez S

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Oxytocin (OT) injections have been indiscriminately used to milk cattle in dairy industries. There is no study available regarding surveillance of OT in market milk samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS:OT from milk samples was extracted by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid and passed through the solid phase ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Mishra M,Ali S,Das M

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prochloraz is a broad-spectrum contact imidazol fungicide used against several diseases in wheat, barley and oleaginous plants but also for treatment of flower production. Although prochloraz has endocrine disrupting and hepatocarcinogenic effects, there is lack of data on toxic effects of prochloraz. Therefore, we ai...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Alpertunga B,Kara M,Abudayyak M,Oztas E,Ozden S,Ozhan G

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to their exceptional properties, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown promising medical and technological applications in the treatment of cancer and the development of antimicrobial packaging and time-temperature indicators in the food sector. However, little is known about their cytotoxicity when they come into...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Mateo D,Morales P,Ávalos A,Haza AI

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For good performance in clinical and forensic toxicology, it is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms related to xenobiotic exposure since they will assist clinicians to reach a useful and rapid diagnosis. This manuscript highlights and critically analyses clinical and forensic imaging related to ethanol abu...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Dinis-Oliveira RJ,Magalhães T,Moreira R,Proença JB,Pontes H,Santos A,Duarte JA,Carvalho F

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to describe the toxicity induced by curcumin in human astrocytoma cell lines. METHODS:The effects induced by curcumin, at 100 µM for 24 h, were evaluated in four astrocytoma cell lines using crystal violet assay and through the evaluation of morphological and ultrastructural c...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Romero-Hernández MA,Eguía-Aguilar P,Perézpeña-DiazConti M,Rodríguez-Leviz A,Sadowinski-Pine S,Velasco-Rodríguez LA,Cáceres-Cortés JR,Arenas-Huertero F

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concern over the influence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on human health has arisen due to advances; however, little is known about the potential toxicity of CNTs. In this study, impurity-free single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), with different physical properties in cell culture medium, were prepared by a novel disper...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Fujita K,Fukuda M,Endoh S,Kato H,Maru J,Nakamura A,Uchino K,Shinohara N,Obara S,Nagano R,Horie M,Kinugasa S,Hashimoto H,Kishimoto A

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Valproic acid (VPA), an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug, is widely used for the treatment of different types of seizures and myoclonic epilepsy. Several mechanisms have been suggested for VPA hepatotoxicity, and most of them are associated with oxidative stress. It seems that oxidative stress by VPA treatment...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Jafarian I,Eskandari MR,Mashayekhi V,Ahadpour M,Hosseini MJ

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of two extracts from Peruvian plants given alone or in a mixture on sperm count and glycemia in streptozotocin-diabetic mice. Normal or diabetic mice were divided in groups receiving vehicle, black maca (Lepidium meyenii), yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) or three mixtures of extracts black ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Gonzales GF,Gonzales-Castañeda C,Gasco M

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic hyperglycemia leads to the development of microvascular complications like diabetic nephropathy. The present study investigated the potential effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Tribulus terrestris, a plant of Zygophyllaceae family, on the renal complications in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats....

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Gandhi S,Srinivasan BP,Akarte AS

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The specific properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), such as antimicrobial activity and electrical conductivity, allow them to be used in many fields. However, their expanding application is also raising health, environmental and safety concerns. Previous in vivo AgNP toxicity studies have indicated a gender-diffe...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Dong MS,Choi JY,Sung JH,Kim JS,Song KS,Ryu HR,Lee JH,Bang IS,An K,Park HM,Song NW,Yu IJ

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C on cisplatin (DDP)-induced anemia and explore its possible mechanisms in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, vitamin C 50, vitamin C 100, DDP, DDP plus vitamin C 50 and DDP plus vitamin C 100-treated grou...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Gao LP,Li Z,Guo ZY,Zhao YM

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the prooxidant effects of bisphenol A (BPA) phenoxyl radicals in comparison with the phenoxyl radicals of 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-methylphenol (BHT) and 4-tert-butylphenol (TBP). The phenoxyl radicals, generated in situ by 1-electron oxidation of the corresponding phenol,...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Babu S,Uppu S,Claville MO,Uppu RM

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder with profound implications on both mother and fetus. Analysis of umbilical cord blood red blood cell (RBC) changes shall depict the fetal response to pregnancy-specific complications like preeclampsia. This study aims to analyze the regulation relationship between HSP90α and heme...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Ekambaram P,Jayachandran T,Dhakshinamoorthy L

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc (Zn) is one of the essential trace elements and has numerous physiological functions. Zn acts as an antioxidant and also as a part of other antioxidant related proteins, such as metallothionein (MT) and Zn-copper superoxide dismutase. Zn deficiency often occurs in patients with diabetes. Therefore, the effect of ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Li B,Tan Y,Sun W,Fu Y,Miao L,Cai L

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of the present study is to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic effect of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in diabetic rats exposed to cadmium (Cd). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Group 1 and 2 rats were treated as control and C. pyrenoidosa control. Group 3 and 4 rats were given single injection of streptozotocin (40 ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Senthilkumar T,Sangeetha N,Ashokkumar N

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), a prominent member of the class I HDAC family, plays crucial roles in inflammation and other pathological processes. Recent studies have found that the activity and expression of HDAC2 were altered under oxidative stress conditions. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the expre...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Lu H,Wan J,Jiang R,Xie J,Peng X,Zhang L

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was designed to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rh1 on myocardial injury and heart function in isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (20 mg/kg). Cardiac marker enzymes in serum, antioxidative parameters and inflammatory...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Gai Y,Ma Z,Yu X,Qu S,Sui D

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Misuse of various chemicals, such as chemical warfare agents, industrial chemicals or pesticides during warfare or terrorists attacks requires adequate protection. Thus, development and evaluation of novel decontamination dispositives and techniques are needed. In this study, in vitro permeation and decontamination of...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Misik J,Pavlikova R,Josse D,Cabal J,Kuca K

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The B6C3F1 mouse is the standard mouse strain used in National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenesis studies. Over time, increased liver tumorigenesis that was correlated with elevated body weights was noted in males and females. NTP therefore replaced the NIH-07 diet with the NTP-2000 diet and returned to group hou...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Marino DJ

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethanol metabolism induces generation of excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which results in immune dysfunction. We examined the efficacy of silymarin on ethanol-induced oxidative stress, immunomodulatory activity, and vascular function in mice blood. Effectiveness of silymarin was compared with potent ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Das SK,Mukherjee S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, diabetes and its associated complications have come to represent a major public health concern. It is a complex disease characterized by multiple metabolic derangements and is known to impair cardiac function by disrupting the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants at the cellular level. The su...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Selvaraju V,Joshi M,Suresh S,Sanchez JA,Maulik N,Maulik G

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to examine the toxicity of 1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propenone (A) and 1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-propenone (B) on Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells and the mechanism of the toxicity. By cell-based thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, we found t...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Zhang X,Tao K,Hou T

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the organophosphorus pesticides widely used around the world, especially in China. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition is the main effect of organophosphorus insecticides exposure. Studies showed that CPF may also interfere with the metabolism of monoamine transmitters. To investigate the effe...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Xu F,Chang X,Lou D,Wu Q,Zhou Z

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of chlorpyrifos and fenvalerate on the activity of the cellulase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) of the earthworm (Eisenia foetida) were studied. Earthworms were exposed to chlorpyrifos and fenvalerate at a final concentration of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg dry soil, respectively. Tissues from each...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Wang JH,Zhu LS,Liu W,Wang J,Xie H

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Impurities in drug substances and drug products generally do not have beneficial effects and may impose a risk without associated benefit. Levofloxacin n-oxide is an impurity isolated from levofloxacin. However there is insufficient toxic information about levofloxacin n-oxide. This study investigates the genotoxicity...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Zhu Q,Li T,Li J,Guo M,Wang W,Zhang X

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The titanium nitride coated titanium is a material intended for the fabrication of left ventricular assist device. As per International standards, a material is subjected to pre-clinical evaluation before fabrication of a device. Toxicity/biocompatibility studies such as acute systemic toxicity, intracutaneous irritat...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Geetha CS,Sabareeswaran A,Mohanan PV

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The anatomical and histological parameters of the human ventricle depend on many factors including age and sex. Myocyte volume and electric capacitance are significant physiological parameters of left ventricle cardiomyocyte mathematical models. They allow the assessment of inter-individual variability durin...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Polak S,Fijorek K,Glinka A,Wisniowska B,Mendyk A

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article described an improved brine shrimp larvae lethality microwell test method. A simply designed connecting vessel with alternative photoperiod was used to culture and collect high yield of active Artemia parthenogenetica nauplii for brine shrimp larvae lethality microwell test. Using this method, pure A. par...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Zhang Y,Mu J,Han J,Gu X

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was designed to determine whether the treatment with an ethanolic extract of pomegranate (EEP) (Punica granatum) can be useful for the treatment of the deleterious effect of lead acetate (LA) administration on sperm production in rats. The effects of EEP were compared with those of ascorbic acid (AA)...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Leiva KP,Rubio J,Peralta F,Gonzales GF

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00